w>BattyBot: Removed/fixed incorrect author parameter(s) to remove article from :Category:CS1 errors: generic name, performed general fixes

2022-01-28T22:18:37Z

Removed/fixed incorrect author parameter(s) to remove article from Category:CS1 errors: generic name, performed general fixes

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{{Short description|Nonprofit organization and art center in New York}}
{{Infobox organization
| name = Experimental Television Center
| image = Riverow Owego Central Historic District Feb 09.jpg
| image_size = 
| alt =
| caption = Riverow Owego Central Historic District
| map = ETC, Owego Map Open Street Map.png
| map_size = 
| map_alt =
| map_caption = Owego Map
| abbreviation =
| formation = 1969 (established), 1971 (founded date)
| merger = Student Experiments in Television project on the campus of Binghamton University (1969)
| founder = Ralph Hocking
| founding_location = Binghamton
| dissolved = 2011
| type = Non-profit new media art center
| status =
| purpose =
| headquarters =
| location = 180 Front Street, Owego, New York, USA.
| coords ={{coord|42.102103|-76.261031|display=inline,title}}
| region = Owego
| key_people = Ralph Hocking (Director) Sherry Miller Hocking (Assistant Director) Dave Jones (Systems Consultant) Hank Rudolph (Program Coordinator)
| website = 
}}

'''The Experimental Television Center (ETC)''' (1969–2011) was a nonprofit [[Electronic art|electronic]] and [[media art]] center located in [[upstate New York]].

==History==

The Experimental Television Center (ETC) was founded in 1971 by Ralph Hocking. The center was the result of the expansion of a media access program that Ralph Hocking established as professor of video and computer art at [[Binghamton University]] in 1969.<ref>{{cite book|last1=High, Kathy|last2=Hocking|first2=Sherry Miller|last3=Jimenez|first3=Mona|title=The emergence of video processing tools : television becoming unglued|date=2014|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]|isbn=978-1841506630|page=xvii|author-link1=Kathy High}}</ref> Some years later, in July 1979, the center was moved from [[Binghamton]] to [[Owego, New York]].

The ETC, directed by Ralph Hocking and Sherry Miller Hocking, was devoted to the exploration and development of potential uses of new technology in video and [[media art]]. Artists, social, cultural and educational organizations and also interested individuals worked in innovative image processing tools, using all the equipment and the studio facilities with no charge.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hocking|first1=Ralph|title=Experimental Television Center: A brief History|url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/etc-history|website=Experimental Television Center|access-date=11 May 2015|date=2011-03-14|archive-date=2015-02-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150209021443/http://experimentaltvcenter.org/etc-history-1968-1971|url-status=bot: unknown}} by [[Internet Archive]] on 9 February 2015.</ref> The Center for more than 40 years had provided a residency program <ref>{{cite web|title=The Experimental Television Center |url=http://www.vasulka.org/archive/ExhTWO/ExpTeleCenter/general.pdf |website=[[Vasulka|VASULKA.ORG]] |access-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080406022736/http://www.vasulka.org/archive/ExhTWO/ExpTeleCenter/general.pdf |archive-date=6 April 2008 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 14 March 2002.</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Residency Program |url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/residency-program |website=Experimental Television Center |access-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150322085511/http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/residency-program |archive-date=22 March 2015 |date=2011-03-12 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 22 March 2015.</ref> that emphasized the aesthetic experimentation of electronic and media art though new technologies. Artists from around the world and students were trained and worked with rare and unique analog and digital devices for creating video artworks and had access to the media art library of the center. For Ralph Hocking, the center was "a learning place [...], where artists and engineers worked in tandem".<ref>{{cite web
|title=ETC: Experimental Television Center (1969–2009)
|url=http://kathyhigh.com/pdfs/writing-video-history/ETC.pdf
|website=[[Kathy High]]
|publisher=Experimental Television Center
|access-date=11 May 2015
|page=9
|date=2009
|url-status=bot: unknown
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520151443/http://kathyhigh.com/pdfs/writing-video-history/ETC.pdf
|archive-date=20 May 2015
}}
by [[Internet Archive]] on 19 September 2013.
</ref> In addition, the center organized exhibitions, workshops, cultural events, conferences and provided grand programs to support artists and non-profit media art programs.

In 2011, the Residency and Grants Program of the center was closed. The center’s media arts collection has since been archived and housed at the [[Rose Goldsen Archive of New Media Art]] through [[Cornell University Library]]’s Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections.<ref>{{cite document|title=Video library and archives of the Experimental Television Center|publisher=[[Cornell University Library]]|hdl=1813.001/8946249}}[http://goldsen.library.cornell.edu/etc/Archived] by [[Internet Archive]] on 20 May 2015.{{dead link|date=February 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> The center, through the Video History Project,<ref>{{cite web|title=Video History Project|url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/video-history-project|website=Experimental Television Center|access-date=11 May 2015|date=2011-06-14}}
[https://web.archive.org/web/20150322080201/http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/etc-history-1968-1971 Archived] by [[Internet Archive]] on 22 March 2015.
</ref> an ongoing research initiative, offers to the public a wealth of often unpublished documents related to the early historical development of [[video art]] and [[community television]], with a particular focus on [[upstate New York]] during the period 1968–1980.<ref>{{cite web|last1=High, Kathy |last2=Tennant |first2=Carolyn |title=The Experimental Television Center (An abstract) |url=http://www.mediaarthistory.org/replace/replacearchives/high_tennant_abstract.htm |website=Media Art History |access-date=11 May 2015 |author-link1=Kathy High |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111218060756/http://www.mediaarthistory.org/replace/replacearchives/high_tennant_abstract.htm |archive-date=18 December 2011 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 18 December 2011.</ref> Since the closing of ETC’s art residency program in 2011, Signal Culture -a new nonprofit media arts organization located in the same small village of [[Owego Village, NY|Owego]]- aims to support the creation of experimental media.<ref>{{cite journal
|last1=Nadir
|first1=Leila
|title=Upstate and Down with Pioneering Media Art
|journal=Hyperallergic
|date=2014
|issue=Interview
|pages=2014
|url=https://hyperallergic.com/154717/with-new-media-upstate-goes-downtown/
|access-date=11 May 2015
|url-status=bot: unknown
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150723105852/http://hyperallergic.com/154717/with-new-media-upstate-goes-downtown/
|archive-date=23 July 2015
}}
by [[Internet Archive]] on 8 December 2014.
</ref>

==Artists==
Some of the artists that have been active in the Experimental Television Center are the following:<ref>See more at {{cite document|title=Artists|hdl=1813.001/8946249a}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Artists|url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/artists|website=Experimental Television Center|access-date=19 June 2015|date=2011-03-11}}</ref>
{{columns-list|colwidth=18em|
* [[Alex Roshuk]]<ref>{{citation|title=STANDBY corporate program (co-founder)|publisher=Experimental Television Center|date=May 2011|url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/standby}}</ref>
* Anney Bonney
* [[Benton C Bainbridge]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Portofolio: "We Machines" at Experimental Television Center|url=http://www.bentoncbainbridge.com/portfolio/we-machines/|website=Benton C Bainbridge official site|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>
* [[Irit Batsry]]
* [[Alan Berliner]]
* [[Abigail Child]]
* Connie Coleman and Alan Powell
* [[Peter D'Agostino]]
* [[Marcello Dantas]]
* [[Emergency Broadcast Network]]
* [[Laurence Gartel]]
* Ariana Gerstein<ref>{{cite web|title=Ariana Gerstein|url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/ariana-gerstein|website=Experimental TV Center|access-date=19 June 2015|date=2011-06-17}}</ref>
* [[Leah Gilliam]]
*[[Shalom Gorewitz]]
* [[Slawomir Grunberg]]
* [[Barbara Hammer]]
* [[Thomas Allen Harris]]
* Pamela Susan Hawkins
* Sorrel Hays
* [[Kathy High]]
* [[Gary Hill]]
* Sara Hornbacher
* [[Amy Jenkins]]
* [[Ken Jacobs]]
* [[Richard Kostelanetz]]
* [[Shigeko Kubota]]
* Annie Langan<ref>{{cite web|title=Resume|url=http://www.annielangan.com/resume1/|website=Annie Langan: photography|access-date=19 June 2015}}</ref>
* Jeffrey Lerer
* [[Jeanne Liotta]]
* LoVid (Tali Hinkis and Kyle Lapidus)
* [[Hillerbrand+Magsamen|Mary Magsamen]]
* [[Jennifer McCoy|Jennifer]] and [[Kevin McCoy (artist)|Kevin McCoy]]
* [[Jillian McDonald]]
* [[Christina McPhee]]
* [[Neovoxer]]
* [[Nam June Paik]]
* [[Ron Rocco]]
* [[Barbara Rosenthal]]
* Eric Rosenzveig
* [[Lynne Sachs]]
* Matthew Schlanger <ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.lumpybanger.com/ | title=Matthew Schlanger | video art - custom image processing tools - code}}</ref>
* [[Alan Sondheim]]
* [[Aldo Tambellini]]
* Simon Tarr
* Nancy Meli Walker
* Walter Wright}}

==Tools==
One of the early projects at the center (1972), a research program aiming to develop a more flexible set of imaging tools for artists, involved the construction of the "Paik/Abe video synthesizer".<ref>{{cite web|title=A brief overview of the Paik-Abe video synthesizer|url=http://www.audiovisualizers.com/toolshak/vidsynth/paik_abe/paik_abe.htm|website=AudioVisualizers.com|access-date=11 May 2015|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131103100214/http://audiovisualizers.com/toolshak/vidsynth/paik_abe/paik_abe.htm|archive-date=3 November 2013}} by [[Internet Archive]] on 3 November 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Paik-Abe Screening Not Still Art Festival Catalog |url=http://www.improvart.com/nsa/paik_abe.htm |website=ImprovArt.com |access-date=11 May 2015 |archive-date=2011-01-10 |location=Cherry Valley, NY |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110110054013/http://www.improvart.com/nsa/paik_abe.htm }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 10 January 2011.</ref> This [[video synthesizer]] was designed by Shuya Abe and [[Nam June Paik]] and built at the center by David Jones and Robert Diamond, for the TV Lab at [[WNET-TV]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Fifield |first1=George |title=The Paik/Abe Synthesizer |url=http://davidsonsfiles.org/paikabesythesizer.html |website=The Early Video Project |access-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130411014509/http://davidsonsfiles.org/paikabesythesizer.html |archive-date=11 April 2013 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 11 April 2013.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|editor1-last=Dunn|editor1-first=David|title=Nam June Paik and Shuya Abe: Paik/Abe video Synthesizer (Keyer and Colorizer) and Scan Modulator (aka "the Wobbulator"), 1970|journal=Eigenwelt der Apparate-Welt: Pioneers of Electronic Art |date=1994|pages=126–129|url=http://www.vasulka.org/archive/eigenwelt/pdf/126-129.pdf|access-date=11 May 2015|publisher=[[Vasulka|The Vasulkas, Inc]].|location=Francisco Carolinum, [[Linz]]|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041024223034/http://vasulka.org/archive/eigenwelt/pdf/126-129.pdf|archive-date=24 October 2004}} by [[Internet Archive]] on 19 November 2008.</ref> The project was funded by [[New York State Council on the Arts|the New York State Council on the Arts]].

In the early 1970s, the center was the home to many innovative tools that artists in residency took advantage of to make complex and technologically progressive artworks.<ref>{{cite book|editor-last1=Lewis|editor-first1=Jon|title=The end of cinema as we know it : American cinema in the nineties|date=2002|publisher=Pluto Press|location=London|isbn=9780745318790|page=307}}</ref> The "Abe colorizer"<ref>{{cite web|last1=Hocking |first1=Sherry Miller |last2=Brewster |first2=Richard |last3=Peer |first3=Bode |last4=Rudolph |first4=Hank |last5=Schlanger |first5=Matthew |title=Paik/Abe Colorizer - Experimental Television Center Studio System Manual |url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/paikabe-colorizer-experimental-television-center-studio-system-manual |website=Experimental Television Center |access-date=11 May 2015 |date=1980 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520153922/http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/paikabe-colorizer-experimental-television-center-studio-system-manual |archive-date=20 May 2015 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 20 May 2015.</ref> for example, "an image processing device, was the precursor of many of special effects that nowadays are taken for granted", as [[Bill T. Jones]] pointed out.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Jones, Bill T|author-link1=Bill T. Jones|editor1-last=Mitoma|editor1-first=Judy|editor2-last=Zimmer (Text)|editor2-first=Elizabeth|editor3-last=Dale (DVD)|editor3-first=Ann Stieber|title=Envisioning dance on film and video|date=2002|publisher=Taylor and Francis|location=Hoboken|isbn=9781135376444|pages=103–104|chapter=Dancing and Cameras}}</ref> In addition, the "Rutt/Etra scan processor"<ref>{{cite journal|editor1-last=Dunn |editor1-first=David |title=BILL ETRA & STEVE RUTT, Rutt/Etra Scan Processor (Analog), 1973 |journal=Eigenwelt der Apparate-Welt: Pioneers of Electronic Art |pages=136–139 |url=http://www.vasulka.org/archive/eigenwelt/pdf/136-139.pdf |publisher=[[Vasulka|The Vasulkas, Inc]] |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140113222939/http://www.vasulka.org/archive/eigenwelt/pdf/136-139.pdf |archive-date=2014-01-13 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 19 November 2008.</ref> was part of the ETC studio and invented by [[Steve Rutt]] and [[Bill Etra]] in the early 1970s. [[Gary Hill]], artist-in-residence at the Experimental Television Center from 1975 to 1977, explained that this scan processor "allowed one to manipulate the video image, providing an enormous amount of flexibility in altering a video input or in generating new images by using other inputs like waveforms".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Morgan|first1=Robert C.|title=Gary Hill|date=2000|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University Press]]|location=Baltimore, Md.|isbn=9780801864025|pages=[https://archive.org/details/garyhill0000unse/page/194 194–195]|chapter=Lucinda Furlong, A Manner of Speaking|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/garyhill0000unse/page/194}}</ref>

In 1973, the center started a long-term collaboration with the artist and engineer Dave Jones, who was repairing, modifying and building video equipment for the center. After becoming the ETC’s full-time technician, Jones designed a series of tools for video image processing to be used at the Center by a number of video artists.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Jones |first1=Dave |title=Bio |url=http://www.djdesign.com/davebio.html |access-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610201058/http://www.djdesign.com/davebio.html |archive-date=10 June 2012 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 10 June 2012.</ref> Some of the tools available in the ETC studio included the "Jones colorizer" (1974, 1975), the "Jones 8-input sequencer" (1984, 1985), the "Jones keyer" (1985), the "Jones buffer" (1986), the "Voltage control", and the "Raster manipulation unit–wobbulator".

In mid- 1970s, the center started to research the interface of an "LSI-11 computer" with a video processing system with the collaboration of [[Vasulka|Steina and Woody Vasulka]] and the support of [[National Endowment for the Arts]] (NEA).<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Hocking |first1=Sherry Miller |title=The Evolution of Thinking Machines |journal=The Squealer, Squeaky Wheel/ Buffalo Media Resources |date=2004 |volume=15 |issue=1 |page=9 |url=http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/sites/default/files/history/pdf/HockingThinkingMachines_1802.pdf |access-date=11 May 2015 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520154524/http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/sites/default/files/history/pdf/HockingThinkingMachines_1802.pdf |archive-date=20 May 2015 }} by [[Internet Archive]] on 27 March 2015.</ref> Its purpose was to make a digital imaging system more user-friendly to the artists. In the late of 1970s and the beginning of 1980s, the ETC’s research programs shifted from the hardware building to artist-oriented software development and to completing new and old tools and systems.<ref name="Experimental Television Center DVD compilation collection 1969-2009">{{cite book|last1=High, Kathy|last2=Hocking|first2=Ralph|last3=Hocking|first3=Sherry Miller|title=Experimental Television Center DVD compilation collection 1969–2009|date=2009|publisher=Experimental Television Center, LTD|location=Owego, NY|pages=24–25|chapter-url=http://kathyhigh.com/pdfs/writing-video-history/ETC.pdf|chapter=Radical Learning, Radical Perception: The History of the Experimental Television Center|author-link1=Kathy High|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150520151443/http://kathyhigh.com/pdfs/writing-video-history/ETC.pdf|archive-date=2015-05-20}} by [[Internet Archive]] on 9 December 2013.</ref>

From the beginning of the 1980s, the center’s interest transitioned to the new "[[Amiga computer]]". Subsequently, in the 1990s, the available image processing system was enriched by commercially available tools. According to Ralph and Sherry Miller Hocking, the image processing system became through the years “a hybrid tool set, permitting the artist to create interactive relationships between older historically analog instruments and new digital technologies”.<ref>{{cite book|last1=High|first1=Kathy|last2=Hocking|first2=Ralph|last3=Hocking|first3=Sherry Miller|title=Experimental Television Center DVD compilation collection 1969–2009|date=2009|publisher=Experimental Television Center, LTD|location=Owego, NY|pages=24–25|chapter-url=http://kathyhigh.com/pdfs/writing-video-history/ETC.pdf|chapter=Radical Learning, Radical Perception: The History of the Experimental Television Center|author-link1=Kathy High}}</ref> In addition, at the beginning of the 1990s, using a [[Relational database|computerized relational database]], the center started to catalog the antique equipment, all the video and audio tapes and also the printed material.

==References==
{{reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
* {{cite book|last1=Betancourt|first1=Michael|title=Structuring time : notes on making movies|date=2004|publisher=Wildside Press|location=Holicong, PA|isbn=9780809511174}}
* {{cite book|last1=Eaton|first1=Erica|last2=Smelt|first2=Tara|title=Liminal: spaces-in-between visible and invisible|date=2007|publisher=Evolutionary Girls|location=Rochester, NY|isbn=9780615151175}}
* {{cite book|last1=Jackie, Hatfield(text ed.)|last2=Stephen, Littman (picture ed.)|title=Experimental film and video : an anthology|date=2006|publisher=John Libbey|location=Eastleigh|isbn=9780861966646}}
* {{cite book|last1=Manasseh|first1=Cyrus|title=The problematic of video art in the museum, 1968-1990|date=2009|publisher=Cambria Press|location=Amherst, N.Y.|isbn=9781604976502}}

==External links==
* [http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/ Official Experimental Television Center website]
* ETC: Video History Project: Further [http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/biblio Bibliography], [http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/history-tools Tools], [http://www.experimentaltvcenter.org/history-collections Collection]
* [http://hdl.handle.net/1813.001/8946249 The repository of the Experimental Television Center Archives]: [[Rose Goldsen Archive of New Media Art]], [[Cornell University Library]].
* [http://www.vasulka.org/ The Vasulka Archives]
* [http://signalculture.org/index.html Official Signal Culture website]
* [https://vimeo.com/search?q=experimental+television+center Experimental Television Center video] at the [[Vimeo]]
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Experimental Television Center}}
[[Category:Art museums and galleries in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Contemporary art galleries in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct art museums and galleries in New York (state)]]
[[Category:American public access television]]
[[Category:Experimental film]]
[[Category:Video art]]
[[Category:Computer art]]
[[Category:Digital art]]
[[Category:Internet art]]
[[Category:New media art]]
[[Category:Non-profit organizations based in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Binghamton University]]
[[Category:Cornell University]]
[[Category:Upstate New York]]
[[Category:Art galleries established in 1969]]
[[Category:Art galleries disestablished in 2011]]
[[Category:1969 establishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:2001 disestablishments in New York (state)]]
[[Category:Film archives in the United States]]

Experimental Television Center - Revision history

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w>BattyBot: Removed/fixed incorrect author parameter(s) to remove article from :Category:CS1 errors: generic name, performed general fixes

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